We use cookies to enhance the usability of our website. If you continue, we'll assume that you are happy to receive all cookies. More information. Don't show this again.
Fields »
 

Field

Term
Gene name

Class

Subclass

Chromosome

External id

In atlas

Reliability

Reliability

Reliability

Validation

Method

Validation

Method

Validation

Method

Validation

Location

Searches

Tissue

Cell type

Expression

Tissue

Specificity

Cell line

Specificity

Cancer

Specificity

Tissue

Detectable

Cell line

Detectable

Cancer

Detectable

Cancer

Prognosis

Category

Score

Score

Score

Antibodies

Column

 
 
ABOUT
HELP
BLOG
  • THE HUMAN PROTEOME
  • THE HUMAN TISSUES
  • THE HUMAN CELL
  • HUMAN PATHOLOGY
  • PROTEIN CLASSES
  • PROTEIN EVIDENCE
    • NEWS
    • BLOG
    • EVENTS
    • PRESS ROOM
    • LEARN
    • DICTIONARY
    • METHODS
    • CELL LINES
  • THE PROJECT
  • INTRODUCTION
  • ORGANIZATION
  • PUBLICATIONS
  • PUBLICATION DATA
  • ANTIBODY SUBMISSION
  • ANTIBODY AVAILABILITY
  • LINKS
  • CONTACT
  • TECHNICAL DATA
  • ANTIBODY VALIDATION
  • ASSAYS & ANNOTATION
  • DISCLAIMER
  • DOWNLOADABLE DATA
  • HELP & FAQ
  • LICENCE & CITATION
  • PRIVACY STATEMENT
  • RELEASE HISTORY
GRM8
  • TISSUE

  • CELL

  • PATHOLOGY

PATHOLOGY ATLAS

GENE/PROTEIN

Antibody validation

Dictionary

Level of antibody staining/expression





High
Medium
Low
Not detected

GENERAL INFORMATION

Gene namei

Gene name according to HGNC.

GRM8

Gene descriptioni

Gene description according to HGNC.

Glutamate receptor, metabotropic 8

Protein classi

Protein class the gene product belongs to according to selected gene lists. List of protein classes.

G-protein coupled receptors
Predicted intracellular proteins
Predicted membrane proteins

Predicted localizationi

Protein localization predicted from several bioinformatic algorithms.

Read more

Intracellular,Membrane

Number of transcriptsi

Number of protein-coding transcribed from this gene as defined by Ensembl.

6
SHOW MORE

HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATION

RNA categoryi

RNA category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed samples (RNA assay description). The categories include: tissue/cell line enriched, group enriched, tissue/cell line enhanced, expressed in all, mixed and not detected. RNA category is calculated separately for The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data from cancer tissues and internally generated Human Protein Atlas (HPA) data from normal tissues and cell lines.

TCGA (cancer tissue):Tissue enhanced (colorectal cancer)
HPA (cell line):Group enriched (HEK93, NTERA-2, RH-30, SCLC-21H, SH-SY5Y, U-2 OS)
HPA (normal tissue):Tissue enhanced (cerebral cortex)

Protein evidencei

Protein evidence scores are generated from several independent sources and are classified as evidence at i) protein level, ii) transcript level, iii) no evidence, or iv) not available.

Evidence at transcript level

Protein expression
normal tissuei

A summary of the overall protein expression pattern across the analyzed normal tissues. The summary is based on knowledge-based annotation.

"Estimation of protein expression could not be performed. View primary data." is shown for genes analyzed with a knowledge-based approach where available RNA-seq and gene/protein characterization data has been evaluated as not sufficient in combination with immunohistochemistry data to yield a reliable estimation of the protein expression profile.

Read more

Estimation of protein expression could not be performed. View primary data.

ANTIBODY IHC RELIABILITY

Data reliability
descriptioni

Standardized explanatory sentences with additional information required for full understanding of the knowledge-based expression profile.

RNA-based expert annotation gave inconclusive results. Pending external verification.

Reliability scorei

Reliability score (score description), divided into Supported, Approved, or Uncertain, is evaluated in normal tissues and based on consistency between the staining pattern of one antibody or several antibodies with RNA-seq data and available gene/protein characterization data.

Read more

Uncertain based on 1 antibody.
HPA051481
SHOW MORE

PROGNOSTIC SUMMARYi

Kaplan-Meier plots for all cancers where high expression of this gene has significant (p<0.001) association with patient survival are shown in this summary. Whether the prognosis is favourable or unfavourable is indicated in brackets. Each Kaplan-Meier plot is clickable and redirects to a detailed page that includes individual expression and survival data for patients with the selected cancer.

Gene product is not prognostic.
Show all

RNA EXPRESSION OVERVIEWi

RNA expression overview shows RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

TCGA dataseti
RNA-seq data in 17 cancer types are reported as median FPKM (number Fragments Per Kilobase of exon per Million reads), generated by the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). RNA cancer tissue category is calculated based on mRNA expression levels across all 17 cancer tissues and include: cancer tissue enriched, cancer group enriched, cancer tissue enhanced, expressed in all, mixed and not detected. To access cancer specific RNA and prognostic data, click on the cancer name.

Read more
RNA cancer category: Tissue enhanced (colorectal cancer)

PROTEIN EXPRESSIONi

Antibody staining in 20 different cancers is summarized by a selection of four standard cancer tissue samples representative of the overall staining pattern. From left: colorectal cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer and lung cancer. An additional fifth image can be added as a complement. The assay and annotation is described here. Note that samples used for immunohistochemistry by the Human Protein Atlas do not correspond to samples in the TCGA dataset.

For histological reference, visit the histological dictionary.

Colorectal cancer
Breast cancer
Prostate cancer
Lung cancer
Liver cancer

STAINING SUMMARYi

For each cancer, the fraction of samples with protein expression level high, medium, low, or not detected are provided by the blue-scale color-coding (as described by the color-coding scale in the box to the left). The length of the bar represents the number of patient samples analyzed (max=12 patients). The images and annotations can be accessed by clicking on the cancer name or protein expression bar. If more than one antibody is analyzed, the tabs at the top of the staining summary section can be used to toggle between the different antibodies. The mouse-over function displays additional data for the features in the staining summary view.

Next to the cancer staining data, the protein expression data of normal tissues or specific cell types corresponding to each cancer are shown and protein expression levels are indicated by the blue-scale color coding.

HPA051481

Cancer

Cancer staining

Breast cancer
Carcinoid
Cervical cancer
Colorectal cancer
Endometrial cancer
Glioma
Head and neck cancer
Liver cancer
Lung cancer
Lymphoma
 

Cancer

Cancer staining

Melanoma
Ovarian cancer
Pancreatic cancer
Prostate cancer
Renal cancer
Skin cancer
Stomach cancer
Testis cancer
Thyroid cancer
Urothelial cancer

Staining summaryi

A manually written summary of the overall protein expression pattern across the analyzed cancer tissues.

A few cases of prostatic, breast, colorectal, testicular, urothelial and liver cancers showed weak to moderate cytoplasmic positivity. Remaining cancer tissues were negative.

GENE INFORMATIONi

Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.

Gene name

GRM8 (HGNC Symbol)

Synonyms

GLUR8, GPRC1H, mGlu8, MGLUR8

Description

Glutamate receptor, metabotropic 8 (HGNC Symbol)

Entrez gene summary

L-glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and activates both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Glutamatergic neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be perturbed in many neuropathologic conditions. The metabotropic glutamate receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors, that have been divided into 3 groups on the basis of sequence homology, putative signal transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic properties. Group I includes GRM1 and GRM5 and these receptors have been shown to activate phospholipase C. Group II includes GRM2 and GRM3 while Group III includes GRM4, GRM6, GRM7 and GRM8. Group II and III receptors are linked to the inhibition of the cyclic AMP cascade but differ in their agonist selectivities. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Chromosome

7

Cytoband

q31.33

Chromosome location (bp)

126438598 - 127253294

Protein evidence

Evidence at transcript level (all genes)

Ensembl

ENSG00000179603 (version 83.38)

Entrez gene

2918

UniProt

O00222 (UniProt - Evidence at transcript level)

neXtProt

NX_O00222

Antibodypedia

GRM8 antibodies

PROTEIN BROWSERi

The protein browser displays the antigen location on the target protein(s) and the features of the target protein. The tabs at the top of the protein view section can be used to switch between the different splice variants to which an antigen has been mapped.

At the top of the view, the position of the antigen (identified by the corresponding HPA identifier) is shown as a green bar. A yellow triangle on the bar indicates a <100% sequence identity to the protein target.

Under the antigens, the maximum percent sequence identity of the protein to all other proteins from other human genes is displayed, using a sliding window of 10 aa residues (HsID 10) or 50 aa residues (HsID 50) (read more).

If a signal peptide is predicted by a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius (turquoise) and/or transmembrane regions (orange) are predicted by MDM, these are displayed.

Low complexity regions are shown in yellow and InterPro regions in green. Common (purple) and unique (grey) regions between different splice variants of the gene are also displayed (read more), and at the bottom of the protein view is the protein scale.

GRM8-001
GRM8-002
GRM8-006
GRM8-011
GRM8-012
GRM8-201

PROTEIN INFORMATIONi

The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.

The ENSP identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary, while the ENST identifier links to the Ensembl website transcript summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the UniProt column can be expanded to show links to all matching UniProt identifiers for this protein.

The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.

The Gene Ontology terms assigned to this protein are listed if expanding the Gene ontology column. The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide (according to a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius) and the number of predicted transmembrane region(s) (according to MDM) are also reported.

Splice variant

UniProt

Protein class

Gene ontology

Length & mass

Signal peptide
(predicted)

Transmembrane regions
(predicted)

GRM8-001
ENSP00000344173
ENST00000339582
O00222 [Direct mapping]
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8
Show all
   Family 3 (C) receptors
G-protein coupled receptors
   GPCRs excl olfactory receptors
Predicted membrane proteins
   Prediction method-based
   Membrane proteins predicted by MDM
   MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins
   MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins
   Phobius predicted membrane proteins
   SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins
   THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins
   TMHMM predicted membrane proteins
   # TM segments-based
   7TM proteins predicted by MDM
Show all
GO:0001642 [group III metabotropic glutamate receptor activity]
GO:0004930 [G-protein coupled receptor activity]
GO:0005886 [plasma membrane]
GO:0005887 [integral component of plasma membrane]
GO:0007186 [G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0007196 [adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G-protein coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0007601 [visual perception]
GO:0007608 [sensory perception of smell]
GO:0008066 [glutamate receptor activity]
GO:0016021 [integral component of membrane]
GO:0030818 [negative regulation of cAMP biosynthetic process]
GO:0042734 [presynaptic membrane]
GO:0051966 [regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic]
Show all
908 aa
101.7 kDa
No 7
GRM8-002
ENSP00000351142
ENST00000358373
O00222 [Direct mapping]
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8
Show all
   Family 3 (C) receptors
G-protein coupled receptors
   GPCRs excl olfactory receptors
Predicted membrane proteins
   Prediction method-based
   Membrane proteins predicted by MDM
   MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins
   MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins
   Phobius predicted membrane proteins
   SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins
   THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins
   TMHMM predicted membrane proteins
   GPCRHMM predicted membrane proteins
   # TM segments-based
   7TM proteins predicted by MDM
Show all
GO:0001642 [group III metabotropic glutamate receptor activity]
GO:0004930 [G-protein coupled receptor activity]
GO:0005886 [plasma membrane]
GO:0005887 [integral component of plasma membrane]
GO:0007186 [G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0007196 [adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G-protein coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0007601 [visual perception]
GO:0007608 [sensory perception of smell]
GO:0008066 [glutamate receptor activity]
GO:0016021 [integral component of membrane]
GO:0030818 [negative regulation of cAMP biosynthetic process]
GO:0042734 [presynaptic membrane]
GO:0051966 [regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic]
Show all
908 aa
101.6 kDa
No 7
GRM8-006
ENSP00000418255
ENST00000465844
H7C4V5 [Direct mapping]
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8
Show all
   MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins
   THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins
Predicted intracellular proteins
Show all
GO:0001642 [group III metabotropic glutamate receptor activity]
GO:0007196 [adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G-protein coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0016021 [integral component of membrane]
GO:0042734 [presynaptic membrane]
GO:0051966 [regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic]
Show all
91 aa
10.1 kDa
No 0
GRM8-011
ENSP00000398012
ENST00000412160
C9J7I1 [Direct mapping]
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins
Show all
GO:0001642 [group III metabotropic glutamate receptor activity]
GO:0007196 [adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G-protein coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0042734 [presynaptic membrane]
GO:0051966 [regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic]
Show all
20 aa
2.2 kDa
No 0
GRM8-012
ENSP00000415522
ENST00000457830
E7ETK3 [Direct mapping]
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8
Show all
   MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins
   MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins
   SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins
Predicted intracellular proteins
Show all
GO:0001642 [group III metabotropic glutamate receptor activity]
GO:0004930 [G-protein coupled receptor activity]
GO:0007186 [G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0007196 [adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G-protein coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0016021 [integral component of membrane]
GO:0042734 [presynaptic membrane]
GO:0051966 [regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic]
Show all
294 aa
32.5 kDa
No 0
GRM8-201
ENSP00000409790
ENST00000444921
A0A0A0MT06 [Direct mapping]
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8
Show all
Predicted membrane proteins
   Prediction method-based
   Membrane proteins predicted by MDM
   MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins
   MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins
   Phobius predicted membrane proteins
   SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins
   THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins
   TMHMM predicted membrane proteins
   GPCRHMM predicted membrane proteins
   # TM segments-based
   7TM proteins predicted by MDM
Show all
GO:0001642 [group III metabotropic glutamate receptor activity]
GO:0004930 [G-protein coupled receptor activity]
GO:0007186 [G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0007196 [adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G-protein coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0016021 [integral component of membrane]
GO:0042734 [presynaptic membrane]
GO:0051966 [regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic]
Show all
416 aa
46.8 kDa
No 7

Contact

  • BLOG
  • PRESS ROOM
  • contact@proteinatlas.org

The Project

  • INTRODUCTION
  • ORGANIZATION
  • PUBLICATIONS
  • DOWNLOADABLE DATA

The Human Protein Atlas

  • ANTIBODY AVAILABILITY
  • LICENCE & CITATION
  • HELP & FAQ
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
by the Knut & Alice Wallenberg foundation.