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Melanomas displayed moderate to strong cytoplasmic and nuclear staining. Cases of gliomas and breast cancers showed moderate staining. Remaining cancers were in general weakly stained or negative.
Several cases of gliomas, testicular and colorectal cancers along with a few cases of ovarian, endometrial, urothelial and pancreatic cancers exhibited moderate cytoplasmic and/or membranous staining. Remaining cancers were negative.
Most cancers displayed weak cytoplasmic staining. Liver, lung, pancreatic and testis cancers showed moderate positivity in a few cases. Lymphomas, gliomas and basal cell carcinomas were in general negative.
GENE INFORMATION
Gene name
ADD2 (HGNC Symbol)
Synonyms
ADDB
Description
Adducin 2 (beta) (HGNC Symbol)
Entrez gene summary
Adducins are heteromeric proteins composed of different subunits referred to as adducin alpha, beta and gamma. The three subunits are encoded by distinct genes and belong to a family of membrane skeletal proteins involved in the assembly of spectrin-actin network in erythrocytes and at sites of cell-cell contact in epithelial tissues. While adducins alpha and gamma are ubiquitously expressed, the expression of adducin beta is restricted to brain and hematopoietic tissues. Adducin, originally purified from human erythrocytes, was found to be a heterodimer of adducins alpha and beta. Polymorphisms resulting in amino acid substitutions in these two subunits have been associated with the regulation of blood pressure in an animal model of hypertension. Heterodimers consisting of alpha and gamma subunits have also been described. Structurally, each subunit is comprised of two distinct domains. The amino-terminal region is protease resistant and globular in shape, while the carboxy-terminal region is protease sensitive. The latter contains multiple phosphorylation sites for protein kinase C, the binding site for calmodulin, and is required for association with spectrin and actin. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]