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The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the BCL2 protein family. BCL2 family members form hetero- or homodimers and act as anti- or pro-apoptotic regulators that are involved in a wide variety of cellular activities. This protein forms a heterodimer with BCL2, and functions as an apoptotic activator. This protein is reported to interact with, and increase the opening of, the mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), which leads to the loss in membrane potential and the release of cytochrome c. The expression of this gene is regulated by the tumor suppressor P53 and has been shown to be involved in P53-mediated apoptosis. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants, which encode different isoforms, have been reported for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Transporters Transporter channels and pores SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0001541 [ovarian follicle development] GO:0001764 [neuron migration] GO:0001776 [leukocyte homeostasis] GO:0001777 [T cell homeostatic proliferation] GO:0001782 [B cell homeostasis] GO:0001783 [B cell apoptotic process] GO:0001822 [kidney development] GO:0001836 [release of cytochrome c from mitochondria] GO:0001844 [protein insertion into mitochondrial membrane involved in apoptotic signaling pathway] GO:0001974 [blood vessel remodeling] GO:0002262 [myeloid cell homeostasis] GO:0002352 [B cell negative selection] GO:0002358 [B cell homeostatic proliferation] GO:0002904 [positive regulation of B cell apoptotic process] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005622 [intracellular] GO:0005634 [nucleus] GO:0005635 [nuclear envelope] GO:0005737 [cytoplasm] GO:0005739 [mitochondrion] GO:0005741 [mitochondrial outer membrane] GO:0005757 [mitochondrial permeability transition pore complex] GO:0005783 [endoplasmic reticulum] GO:0005789 [endoplasmic reticulum membrane] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0006687 [glycosphingolipid metabolic process] GO:0006808 [regulation of nitrogen utilization] GO:0006915 [apoptotic process] GO:0006919 [activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process] GO:0006927 [transformed cell apoptotic process] GO:0006974 [cellular response to DNA damage stimulus] GO:0006987 [activation of signaling protein activity involved in unfolded protein response] GO:0007007 [inner mitochondrial membrane organization] GO:0007008 [outer mitochondrial membrane organization] GO:0007281 [germ cell development] GO:0007283 [spermatogenesis] GO:0007399 [nervous system development] GO:0007420 [brain development] GO:0007548 [sex differentiation] GO:0007568 [aging] GO:0008053 [mitochondrial fusion] GO:0008283 [cell proliferation] GO:0008285 [negative regulation of cell proliferation] GO:0008289 [lipid binding] GO:0008584 [male gonad development] GO:0008625 [extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors] GO:0008630 [intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage] GO:0008635 [activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process by cytochrome c] GO:0008637 [apoptotic mitochondrial changes] GO:0009566 [fertilization] GO:0009611 [response to wounding] GO:0009636 [response to toxic substance] GO:0009651 [response to salt stress] GO:0009791 [post-embryonic development] GO:0010212 [response to ionizing radiation] GO:0010248 [establishment or maintenance of transmembrane electrochemical gradient] GO:0010332 [response to gamma radiation] GO:0010524 [positive regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol] GO:0012501 [programmed cell death] GO:0015267 [channel activity] GO:0016020 [membrane] GO:0016032 [viral process] GO:0021854 [hypothalamus development] GO:0021987 [cerebral cortex development] GO:0031072 [heat shock protein binding] GO:0031966 [mitochondrial membrane] GO:0032091 [negative regulation of protein binding] GO:0032403 [protein complex binding] GO:0032461 [positive regulation of protein oligomerization] GO:0032469 [endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion homeostasis] GO:0032471 [negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion concentration] GO:0032976 [release of matrix enzymes from mitochondria] GO:0033137 [negative regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation] GO:0033599 [regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation] GO:0034349 [glial cell apoptotic process] GO:0034644 [cellular response to UV] GO:0035108 [limb morphogenesis] GO:0035234 [ectopic germ cell programmed cell death] GO:0042220 [response to cocaine] GO:0042475 [odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth] GO:0042493 [response to drug] GO:0042802 [identical protein binding] GO:0042803 [protein homodimerization activity] GO:0042981 [regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043065 [positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043281 [regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process] GO:0043496 [regulation of protein homodimerization activity] GO:0043497 [regulation of protein heterodimerization activity] GO:0043523 [regulation of neuron apoptotic process] GO:0043524 [negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process] GO:0043525 [positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process] GO:0043653 [mitochondrial fragmentation involved in apoptotic process] GO:0045136 [development of secondary sexual characteristics] GO:0045333 [cellular respiration] GO:0046666 [retinal cell programmed cell death] GO:0046688 [response to copper ion] GO:0046930 [pore complex] GO:0046982 [protein heterodimerization activity] GO:0048087 [positive regulation of developmental pigmentation] GO:0048147 [negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation] GO:0048471 [perinuclear region of cytoplasm] GO:0048515 [spermatid differentiation] GO:0048597 [post-embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesis] GO:0048678 [response to axon injury] GO:0048872 [homeostasis of number of cells] GO:0048873 [homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue] GO:0051087 [chaperone binding] GO:0051259 [protein oligomerization] GO:0051260 [protein homooligomerization] GO:0051281 [positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol] GO:0051400 [BH domain binding] GO:0051402 [neuron apoptotic process] GO:0051412 [response to corticosterone] GO:0051434 [BH3 domain binding] GO:0051726 [regulation of cell cycle] GO:0051881 [regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential] GO:0060011 [Sertoli cell proliferation] GO:0060041 [retina development in camera-type eye] GO:0060058 [positive regulation of apoptotic process involved in mammary gland involution] GO:0060068 [vagina development] GO:0070059 [intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress] GO:0070062 [extracellular exosome] GO:0070242 [thymocyte apoptotic process] GO:0070584 [mitochondrion morphogenesis] GO:0071310 [cellular response to organic substance] GO:0072332 [intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator] GO:0090200 [positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria] GO:0097136 [Bcl-2 family protein complex] GO:0097144 [BAX complex] GO:0097190 [apoptotic signaling pathway] GO:0097191 [extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway] GO:0097192 [extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand] GO:0097193 [intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway] GO:0097296 [activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway] GO:1900103 [positive regulation of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response] GO:1901030 [positive regulation of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization involved in apoptotic signaling pathway] GO:1902108 [regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in apoptotic process] GO:1902110 [positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in apoptotic process] GO:1902262 [apoptotic process involved in patterning of blood vessels] GO:1902263 [apoptotic process involved in embryonic digit morphogenesis] GO:1902445 [regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in programmed necrotic cell death] GO:1902512 [positive regulation of apoptotic DNA fragmentation] GO:1903896 [positive regulation of IRE1-mediated unfolded protein response] GO:1990009 [retinal cell apoptotic process] GO:1990117 [B cell receptor apoptotic signaling pathway] GO:2001234 [negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway] GO:2001241 [positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand] GO:2001244 [positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway]
MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins Phobius predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins TMHMM predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0005741 [mitochondrial outer membrane] GO:0008630 [intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage] GO:0016021 [integral component of membrane] GO:0042981 [regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0097192 [extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand]
K4JQN1 [Direct mapping] Apoptosis regulator BAX; BCL2-associated X protein transcript variant delta2
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MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins Phobius predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins TMHMM predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0005741 [mitochondrial outer membrane] GO:0008630 [intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage] GO:0016021 [integral component of membrane] GO:0042981 [regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0097192 [extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand]
I6LPK7 [Direct mapping] Apoptosis regulator BAX; BCL2-associated X protein theta
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SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0005741 [mitochondrial outer membrane] GO:0008630 [intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage] GO:0042981 [regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0097192 [extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand]