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Field

Term
Gene name

Class

Subclass

Chromosome

External id

In atlas

Reliability

Reliability

Reliability

Validation

Method

Validation

Method

Validation

Method

Validation

Location

Searches

Tissue

Cell type

Expression

Tissue

Specificity

Cell line

Specificity

Cancer

Specificity

Tissue

Detectable

Cell line

Detectable

Cancer

Detectable

Cancer

Prognosis

Category

Score

Score

Score

Antibodies

Column

 
 
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CCL2
  • TISSUE

  • CELL

  • PATHOLOGY

PATHOLOGY ATLAS

GENE/PROTEIN

Antibody validation

Dictionary

Level of antibody staining/expression





High
Medium
Low
Not detected

GENERAL INFORMATION

Gene name

CCL2

Gene description

Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2

Protein class

Cancer-related genes
Candidate cardiovascular disease genes
FDA approved drug targets
Plasma proteins
Predicted secreted proteins

Predicted localization

Secreted

Number of transcripts

2
SHOW MORE

HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATION

RNA category

TCGA (cancer tissue):Expressed in all
HPA (cell line):Group enriched (BJ hTERT+, BJ hTERT+ SV40 Large T+ RasG12V, HMC-1)
HPA (normal tissue):Expressed in all

Protein evidence

Evidence at protein level

Protein expression
normal tissue

Extracellular deposits and cytoplasmic expression in most tissues.

ANTIBODY IHC RELIABILITY

Data reliability
description

Antibody staining mainly not consistent with RNA expression data. Secreted protein, tissue location of RNA and protein might differ and correlation is complex.

Reliability score

Approved based on 2 antibodies.
HPA019163 , CAB013676
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PROGNOSTIC SUMMARY

Prognostic marker in renal cancer (unfavourable).
Renal cancer p<0.001
Show all

RNA EXPRESSION OVERVIEW

TCGA dataset
RNA cancer category: Expressed in all

PROTEIN EXPRESSION

Colorectal cancer
Breast cancer
Prostate cancer
Lung cancer
Liver cancer

STAINING SUMMARY

HPA019163
CAB013676

Cancer

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Cancer

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Staining summary

A majority of cancers showed weak to moderate positivity. Cases of liver, colorectal and female genital cancers displayed strong positivity. Malignant gliomas were negative.

Cancer

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Cancer

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Staining summary

Colorectal, breast and pancreatic cancers as well as several prostate, ovarian, urothelial and gastric cancers showed moderate to strong cytoplasmic staining. Most of the remaining malignancies were weakly stained or negative.

GENE INFORMATION

Gene name

CCL2 (HGNC Symbol)

Synonyms

GDCF-2, HC11, MCAF, MCP-1, MCP1, MGC9434, SCYA2, SMC-CF

Description

Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (HGNC Symbol)

Entrez gene summary

This gene is one of several cytokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Chemokines are a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The superfamily is divided into four subfamilies based on the arrangement of N-terminal cysteine residues of the mature peptide. This chemokine is a member of the CC subfamily which is characterized by two adjacent cysteine residues. This cytokine displays chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils but not for neutrophils or eosinophils. It has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases characterized by monocytic infiltrates, like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. It binds to chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR4. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

Chromosome

17

Cytoband

q12

Chromosome location (bp)

34255218 - 34257203

Protein evidence

Evidence at protein level (all genes)

Ensembl

ENSG00000108691 (version 83.38)

Entrez gene

6347

UniProt

P13500 (UniProt - Evidence at protein level)

neXtProt

NX_P13500

Antibodypedia

CCL2 antibodies

PROTEIN BROWSER

CCL2-001
CCL2-004

PROTEIN INFORMATION

Splice variant

UniProt

Protein class

Gene ontology

Length & mass

Signal peptide
(predicted)

Transmembrane regions
(predicted)

CCL2-001
ENSP00000225831
ENST00000225831
P13500 [Direct mapping]
C-C motif chemokine 2
Show all
   MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins
Predicted secreted proteins
   Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC
   SignalP predicted secreted proteins
   Phobius predicted secreted proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins
Plasma proteins
Cancer-related genes
   Candidate cancer biomarkers
Candidate cardiovascular disease genes
FDA approved drug targets
   Small molecule drugs
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000165 [MAPK cascade]
GO:0001525 [angiogenesis]
GO:0001664 [G-protein coupled receptor binding]
GO:0001666 [response to hypoxia]
GO:0001912 [positive regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity]
GO:0001938 [positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation]
GO:0002523 [leukocyte migration involved in inflammatory response]
GO:0002548 [monocyte chemotaxis]
GO:0002687 [positive regulation of leukocyte migration]
GO:0002693 [positive regulation of cellular extravasation]
GO:0004672 [protein kinase activity]
GO:0005102 [receptor binding]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005576 [extracellular region]
GO:0005615 [extracellular space]
GO:0005737 [cytoplasm]
GO:0005791 [rough endoplasmic reticulum]
GO:0006468 [protein phosphorylation]
GO:0006874 [cellular calcium ion homeostasis]
GO:0006935 [chemotaxis]
GO:0006954 [inflammatory response]
GO:0006955 [immune response]
GO:0006959 [humoral immune response]
GO:0007010 [cytoskeleton organization]
GO:0007155 [cell adhesion]
GO:0007165 [signal transduction]
GO:0007166 [cell surface receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0007179 [transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0007186 [G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0007187 [G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger]
GO:0007259 [JAK-STAT cascade]
GO:0007568 [aging]
GO:0008009 [chemokine activity]
GO:0008201 [heparin binding]
GO:0008347 [glial cell migration]
GO:0008360 [regulation of cell shape]
GO:0009408 [response to heat]
GO:0009611 [response to wounding]
GO:0009612 [response to mechanical stimulus]
GO:0009617 [response to bacterium]
GO:0009887 [organ morphogenesis]
GO:0010332 [response to gamma radiation]
GO:0010574 [regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production]
GO:0010759 [positive regulation of macrophage chemotaxis]
GO:0014823 [response to activity]
GO:0016525 [negative regulation of angiogenesis]
GO:0019079 [viral genome replication]
GO:0019221 [cytokine-mediated signaling pathway]
GO:0019725 [cellular homeostasis]
GO:0022409 [positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion]
GO:0030139 [endocytic vesicle]
GO:0030425 [dendrite]
GO:0030593 [neutrophil chemotaxis]
GO:0030968 [endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response]
GO:0031100 [organ regeneration]
GO:0031663 [lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway]
GO:0031727 [CCR2 chemokine receptor binding]
GO:0032496 [response to lipopolysaccharide]
GO:0032570 [response to progesterone]
GO:0032760 [positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production]
GO:0032869 [cellular response to insulin stimulus]
GO:0032967 [positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process]
GO:0033552 [response to vitamin B3]
GO:0034351 [negative regulation of glial cell apoptotic process]
GO:0035684 [helper T cell extravasation]
GO:0035690 [cellular response to drug]
GO:0036006 [cellular response to macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulus]
GO:0036120 [cellular response to platelet-derived growth factor stimulus]
GO:0036499 [PERK-mediated unfolded protein response]
GO:0042493 [response to drug]
GO:0043025 [neuronal cell body]
GO:0043200 [response to amino acid]
GO:0043204 [perikaryon]
GO:0043491 [protein kinase B signaling]
GO:0043524 [negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process]
GO:0043547 [positive regulation of GTPase activity]
GO:0043615 [astrocyte cell migration]
GO:0043679 [axon terminus]
GO:0044267 [cellular protein metabolic process]
GO:0044299 [C-fiber]
GO:0044344 [cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus]
GO:0045202 [synapse]
GO:0045471 [response to ethanol]
GO:0045785 [positive regulation of cell adhesion]
GO:0046677 [response to antibiotic]
GO:0048010 [vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0048245 [eosinophil chemotaxis]
GO:0048246 [macrophage chemotaxis]
GO:0048247 [lymphocyte chemotaxis]
GO:0048471 [perinuclear region of cytoplasm]
GO:0050806 [positive regulation of synaptic transmission]
GO:0050870 [positive regulation of T cell activation]
GO:0051384 [response to glucocorticoid]
GO:0051770 [positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process]
GO:0060135 [maternal process involved in female pregnancy]
GO:0060137 [maternal process involved in parturition]
GO:0070098 [chemokine-mediated signaling pathway]
GO:0070374 [positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade]
GO:0071222 [cellular response to lipopolysaccharide]
GO:0071300 [cellular response to retinoic acid]
GO:0071318 [cellular response to ATP]
GO:0071346 [cellular response to interferon-gamma]
GO:0071347 [cellular response to interleukin-1]
GO:0071354 [cellular response to interleukin-6]
GO:0071356 [cellular response to tumor necrosis factor]
GO:0071402 [cellular response to lipoprotein particle stimulus]
GO:0071403 [cellular response to high density lipoprotein particle stimulus]
GO:0071407 [cellular response to organic cyclic compound]
GO:0071549 [cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus]
GO:0090026 [positive regulation of monocyte chemotaxis]
GO:0090265 [positive regulation of immune complex clearance by monocytes and macrophages]
GO:0090280 [positive regulation of calcium ion import]
GO:0090314 [positive regulation of protein targeting to membrane]
GO:2000427 [positive regulation of apoptotic cell clearance]
GO:2000502 [negative regulation of natural killer cell chemotaxis]
Show all
99 aa
11 kDa
Yes 0
CCL2-004
ENSP00000462156
ENST00000580907
J3KRT7 [Direct mapping]
C-C motif chemokine 2; Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, isoform CRA_a
Show all
   MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins
Predicted secreted proteins
   Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC
   SignalP predicted secreted proteins
   Phobius predicted secreted proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0005576 [extracellular region]
GO:0006955 [immune response]
GO:0008009 [chemokine activity]
GO:0060326 [cell chemotaxis]
Show all
65 aa
7.1 kDa
Yes 0

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