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A majority of urothelial and female genital cancers as well as several cases of colorectal, breast, prostate, testicular and prostate cancers showed moderate to strong staining. Distinct positivity was also observed in fractions of cases in most other malignancies. Remaining cancer tissues were weakly stained or negative.
This gene encodes a member of a small family of secreted growth factors that binds heparin and responds to retinoic acid. The encoded protein promotes cell growth, migration, and angiogenesis, in particular during tumorigenesis. This gene has been targeted as a therapeutic for a variety of different disorders. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012]