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Colorectal carcinomas exhibited moderate membranous staining. Malignant gliomas showed moderate cytoplasmic positivity. A single case of malignant carcinoid was strongly stained. Remaining malignant cells were negative.
Thyroid cancers and several cases of for example colorectal, ovarian and endometrial cancers exhibited moderate cytoplasmic immunoreactivity. The remaining tumors were weakly stained or negative.
GENE INFORMATION
Gene name
VIP
Synonyms
Description
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (HGNC Symbol)
Entrez gene summary
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the glucagon family. It stimulates myocardial contractility, causes vasodilation, increases glycogenolysis, lowers arterial blood pressure and relaxes the smooth muscle of trachea, stomach and gall bladder. The protein also acts as an antimicrobial peptide with antibacterial and antifungal activity. Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]