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Gene name

Class

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Chromosome

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In atlas

Reliability

Reliability

Reliability

Validation

Method

Validation

Method

Validation

Method

Validation

Location

Searches

Tissue

Cell type

Expression

Tissue

Specificity

Cell line

Specificity

Cancer

Specificity

Tissue

Detectable

Cell line

Detectable

Cancer

Detectable

Cancer

Prognosis

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Score

Score

Antibodies

Column

 
 
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PATHOLOGY ATLAS

GENE/PROTEIN

Antibody validation

Dictionary

Level of antibody staining/expression





High
Medium
Low
Not detected

GENERAL INFORMATION

Gene name

RET

Gene description

Ret proto-oncogene

Protein class

Cancer-related genes
Disease related genes
Enzymes
FDA approved drug targets
Plasma proteins
Predicted membrane proteins
Predicted secreted proteins

Predicted localization

Membrane,Secreted

Number of transcripts

4
SHOW MORE

HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATION

RNA category

TCGA (cancer tissue):Tissue enhanced (breast cancer)
HPA (cell line):Cell line enriched (SH-SY5Y)
HPA (normal tissue):Tissue enriched (parathyroid gland)

Protein evidence

Evidence at protein level

Protein expression
normal tissue

Cytoplasmic and membranous expression at variable levels in most tissues.

ANTIBODY IHC RELIABILITY

Data reliability
description

Secreted protein, tissue location of RNA and protein might differ and correlation is complex. Pending retesting.

Reliability score

Approved based on 3 antibodies.
HPA008356 , CAB002581 , CAB018342
SHOW MORE

PROGNOSTIC SUMMARY

Prognostic marker in endometrial cancer (unfavourable).
Endometrial cancer p<0.001
Show all

RNA EXPRESSION OVERVIEW

TCGA dataset
RNA cancer category: Tissue enhanced (breast cancer)

PROTEIN EXPRESSION

Colorectal cancer
Breast cancer
Prostate cancer
Lung cancer
Melanoma

STAINING SUMMARY

HPA008356
CAB002581
CAB018342

Cancer

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Cancer

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Staining summary

Malignancies showed moderate to strong cytoplasmic and membranous positivity.

Cancer

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Cancer

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Staining summary

Malignant melanomas, prostate cancers, liver cancers and a few cases of malignant gliomas displayed moderate to strong cytoplasmic staining. Remaining tumors were in general weakly stained or negative.

Cancer

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Cancer

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Staining summary

Malignant tissues generally showed moderate cytoplasmic and membranous staining. Several cases of malignant melanomas showed strong positivity. Malignant lymphomas were weakly stained or negative.

GENE INFORMATION

Gene name

RET (HGNC Symbol)

Synonyms

CDHF12, CDHR16, HSCR1, MEN2A, MEN2B, MTC1, PTC, RET51

Description

Ret proto-oncogene (HGNC Symbol)

Entrez gene summary

This gene, a member of the cadherin superfamily, encodes one of the receptor tyrosine kinases, which are cell-surface molecules that transduce signals for cell growth and differentiation. This gene plays a crucial role in neural crest development, and it can undergo oncogenic activation in vivo and in vitro by cytogenetic rearrangement. Mutations in this gene are associated with the disorders multiple endocrine neoplasia, type IIA, multiple endocrine neoplasia, type IIB, Hirschsprung disease, and medullary thyroid carcinoma. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Additional transcript variants have been described but their biological validity has not been confirmed. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Chromosome

10

Cytoband

q11.21

Chromosome location (bp)

43077027 - 43130351

Protein evidence

Evidence at protein level (all genes)

Ensembl

ENSG00000165731 (version 83.38)

Entrez gene

5979

UniProt

P07949 (UniProt - Evidence at protein level)

neXtProt

NX_P07949

Antibodypedia

RET antibodies

PROTEIN BROWSER

RET-001
RET-002
RET-003
RET-201

PROTEIN INFORMATION

Splice variant

UniProt

Protein class

Gene ontology

Length & mass

Signal peptide
(predicted)

Transmembrane regions
(predicted)

RET-001
ENSP00000347942
ENST00000355710
P07949 [Direct mapping]
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret Soluble RET kinase fragment Extracellular cell-membrane anchored RET cadherin 120 kDa fragment
A0A024R7T2 [Target identity:100%; Query identity:100%]
Ret proto-oncogene (Multiple endocrine neoplasia and medullary thyroid carcinoma 1, Hirschsprung disease), isoform CRA_d
Show all
Enzymes
   ENZYME proteins
   Transferases
   Kinases
   Tyr protein kinases
Predicted membrane proteins
   Prediction method-based
   Membrane proteins predicted by MDM
   MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins
   MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins
   Phobius predicted membrane proteins
   SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins
   THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins
   TMHMM predicted membrane proteins
   # TM segments-based
   1TM proteins predicted by MDM
Plasma proteins
Cancer-related genes
   Candidate cancer biomarkers
   COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes
   COSMIC Somatic Mutations
   COSMIC Nonsense Mutations
   COSMIC Missense Mutations
   COSMIC Germline Mutations
   COSMIC Frameshift Mutations
   COSMIC Translocations
Disease related genes
FDA approved drug targets
   Small molecule drugs
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000165 [MAPK cascade]
GO:0001657 [ureteric bud development]
GO:0001755 [neural crest cell migration]
GO:0001838 [embryonic epithelial tube formation]
GO:0004672 [protein kinase activity]
GO:0004713 [protein tyrosine kinase activity]
GO:0004714 [transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity]
GO:0004872 [receptor activity]
GO:0005509 [calcium ion binding]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005524 [ATP binding]
GO:0005737 [cytoplasm]
GO:0005769 [early endosome]
GO:0005886 [plasma membrane]
GO:0005887 [integral component of plasma membrane]
GO:0006468 [protein phosphorylation]
GO:0006919 [activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process]
GO:0007156 [homophilic cell adhesion via plasma membrane adhesion molecules]
GO:0007158 [neuron cell-cell adhesion]
GO:0007165 [signal transduction]
GO:0007169 [transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway]
GO:0007399 [nervous system development]
GO:0007497 [posterior midgut development]
GO:0010008 [endosome membrane]
GO:0010628 [positive regulation of gene expression]
GO:0010976 [positive regulation of neuron projection development]
GO:0014042 [positive regulation of neuron maturation]
GO:0016020 [membrane]
GO:0018108 [peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation]
GO:0030155 [regulation of cell adhesion]
GO:0030182 [neuron differentiation]
GO:0030335 [positive regulation of cell migration]
GO:0030424 [axon]
GO:0030425 [dendrite]
GO:0033619 [membrane protein proteolysis]
GO:0033630 [positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin]
GO:0035799 [ureter maturation]
GO:0042493 [response to drug]
GO:0042551 [neuron maturation]
GO:0043025 [neuronal cell body]
GO:0043231 [intracellular membrane-bounded organelle]
GO:0043235 [receptor complex]
GO:0045121 [membrane raft]
GO:0045793 [positive regulation of cell size]
GO:0045893 [positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated]
GO:0048265 [response to pain]
GO:0048484 [enteric nervous system development]
GO:0050770 [regulation of axonogenesis]
GO:0060041 [retina development in camera-type eye]
GO:0060384 [innervation]
GO:0061146 [Peyer's patch morphogenesis]
GO:0071300 [cellular response to retinoic acid]
GO:0072300 [positive regulation of metanephric glomerulus development]
GO:0097021 [lymphocyte migration into lymphoid organs]
GO:1903263 [positive regulation of serine phosphorylation of STAT3 protein]
GO:2001241 [positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand]
Show all
1114 aa
124.3 kDa
Yes 1
RET-002
ENSP00000344798
ENST00000340058
P07949 [Direct mapping]
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret Soluble RET kinase fragment Extracellular cell-membrane anchored RET cadherin 120 kDa fragment
Show all
Enzymes
   ENZYME proteins
   Transferases
   Kinases
   Tyr protein kinases
Predicted membrane proteins
   Prediction method-based
   Membrane proteins predicted by MDM
   MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins
   MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins
   Phobius predicted membrane proteins
   SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins
   THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins
   TMHMM predicted membrane proteins
   # TM segments-based
   1TM proteins predicted by MDM
Plasma proteins
Cancer-related genes
   Candidate cancer biomarkers
   COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes
   COSMIC Somatic Mutations
   COSMIC Nonsense Mutations
   COSMIC Missense Mutations
   COSMIC Germline Mutations
   COSMIC Frameshift Mutations
   COSMIC Translocations
Disease related genes
FDA approved drug targets
   Small molecule drugs
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0004672 [protein kinase activity]
GO:0004713 [protein tyrosine kinase activity]
GO:0004714 [transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity]
GO:0004872 [receptor activity]
GO:0005509 [calcium ion binding]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005524 [ATP binding]
GO:0005737 [cytoplasm]
GO:0005886 [plasma membrane]
GO:0005887 [integral component of plasma membrane]
GO:0006468 [protein phosphorylation]
GO:0006919 [activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process]
GO:0007156 [homophilic cell adhesion via plasma membrane adhesion molecules]
GO:0007158 [neuron cell-cell adhesion]
GO:0007165 [signal transduction]
GO:0007497 [posterior midgut development]
GO:0010008 [endosome membrane]
GO:0010976 [positive regulation of neuron projection development]
GO:0016020 [membrane]
GO:0018108 [peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation]
GO:0030155 [regulation of cell adhesion]
GO:0030335 [positive regulation of cell migration]
GO:0033619 [membrane protein proteolysis]
GO:0033630 [positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin]
GO:0043231 [intracellular membrane-bounded organelle]
GO:0043235 [receptor complex]
GO:0045893 [positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated]
GO:0048265 [response to pain]
GO:0061146 [Peyer's patch morphogenesis]
GO:0071300 [cellular response to retinoic acid]
GO:0072300 [positive regulation of metanephric glomerulus development]
GO:0097021 [lymphocyte migration into lymphoid organs]
GO:2001241 [positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand]
Show all
1072 aa
119.8 kDa
Yes 1
RET-003
ENSP00000419080
ENST00000498820
C9JYL6 [Direct mapping]
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret
Show all
Predicted membrane proteins
   Prediction method-based
   Membrane proteins predicted by MDM
   MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins
   MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins
   Phobius predicted membrane proteins
   SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins
   THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins
   TMHMM predicted membrane proteins
   # TM segments-based
   1TM proteins predicted by MDM
Cancer-related genes
   COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes
   COSMIC Somatic Mutations
   COSMIC Nonsense Mutations
   COSMIC Missense Mutations
   COSMIC Germline Mutations
   COSMIC Frameshift Mutations
   COSMIC Translocations
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0016021 [integral component of membrane]
Show all
181 aa
19.4 kDa
Yes 1
RET-201
ENSP00000480088
ENST00000615310
Q9BTX6 [Direct mapping]
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret; RET protein
Show all
   MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins
   MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins
   THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins
   TMHMM predicted membrane proteins
Predicted secreted proteins
   Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC
   SignalP predicted secreted proteins
   Phobius predicted secreted proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins
Cancer-related genes
   COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes
   COSMIC Somatic Mutations
   COSMIC Nonsense Mutations
   COSMIC Missense Mutations
   COSMIC Germline Mutations
   COSMIC Frameshift Mutations
   COSMIC Translocations
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0005509 [calcium ion binding]
GO:0007156 [homophilic cell adhesion via plasma membrane adhesion molecules]
GO:0016020 [membrane]
Show all
458 aa
51.2 kDa
Yes 0

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The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
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