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A majority of cancer cells displayed weak to moderate cytoplasmic immunoreactivity. Several cases of lymphomas, squamous cell carcinomas, endometrial-, prostate- and renal cancers were negative.
Most cancer tissues showed weak to moderate cytoplasmic positivity. Testis and urothelial cancers were stronger stained.
GENE INFORMATION
Gene name
PTK2 (HGNC Symbol)
Synonyms
FADK, FAK, FAK1, PPP1R71
Description
Protein tyrosine kinase 2 (HGNC Symbol)
Entrez gene summary
This gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinase which is found concentrated in the focal adhesions that form between cells growing in the presence of extracellular matrix constituents. The encoded protein is a member of the FAK subfamily of protein tyrosine kinases but lacks significant sequence similarity to kinases from other subfamilies. Activation of this gene may be an important early step in cell growth and intracellular signal transduction pathways triggered in response to certain neural peptides or to cell interactions with the extracellular matrix. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene, but the full-length natures of only four of them have been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases Tyr protein kinases Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Disease related genes Potential drug targets Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0000165 [MAPK cascade] GO:0000186 [activation of MAPKK activity] GO:0001525 [angiogenesis] GO:0001725 [stress fiber] GO:0001890 [placenta development] GO:0001932 [regulation of protein phosphorylation] GO:0001934 [positive regulation of protein phosphorylation] GO:0003007 [heart morphogenesis] GO:0003779 [actin binding] GO:0004672 [protein kinase activity] GO:0004713 [protein tyrosine kinase activity] GO:0004715 [non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity] GO:0004871 [signal transducer activity] GO:0005102 [receptor binding] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005524 [ATP binding] GO:0005634 [nucleus] GO:0005737 [cytoplasm] GO:0005815 [microtubule organizing center] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0005856 [cytoskeleton] GO:0005886 [plasma membrane] GO:0005925 [focal adhesion] GO:0005938 [cell cortex] GO:0006468 [protein phosphorylation] GO:0006915 [apoptotic process] GO:0006921 [cellular component disassembly involved in execution phase of apoptosis] GO:0007010 [cytoskeleton organization] GO:0007155 [cell adhesion] GO:0007172 [signal complex assembly] GO:0007173 [epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway] GO:0007179 [transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway] GO:0007229 [integrin-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0007264 [small GTPase mediated signal transduction] GO:0007265 [Ras protein signal transduction] GO:0007411 [axon guidance] GO:0007596 [blood coagulation] GO:0008284 [positive regulation of cell proliferation] GO:0008286 [insulin receptor signaling pathway] GO:0008360 [regulation of cell shape] GO:0008432 [JUN kinase binding] GO:0008543 [fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway] GO:0009790 [embryo development] GO:0010594 [regulation of endothelial cell migration] GO:0010632 [regulation of epithelial cell migration] GO:0012501 [programmed cell death] GO:0014068 [positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling] GO:0016477 [cell migration] GO:0018108 [peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation] GO:0019901 [protein kinase binding] GO:0022408 [negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion] GO:0030010 [establishment of cell polarity] GO:0030154 [cell differentiation] GO:0030168 [platelet activation] GO:0030335 [positive regulation of cell migration] GO:0031234 [extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane] GO:0033628 [regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin] GO:0038007 [netrin-activated signaling pathway] GO:0038083 [peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation] GO:0038095 [Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway] GO:0038096 [Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis] GO:0042127 [regulation of cell proliferation] GO:0042169 [SH2 domain binding] GO:0043066 [negative regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043087 [regulation of GTPase activity] GO:0043552 [positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity] GO:0045087 [innate immune response] GO:0045667 [regulation of osteoblast differentiation] GO:0045860 [positive regulation of protein kinase activity] GO:0046777 [protein autophosphorylation] GO:0048010 [vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway] GO:0048011 [neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway] GO:0048013 [ephrin receptor signaling pathway] GO:0048870 [cell motility] GO:0051493 [regulation of cytoskeleton organization] GO:0051893 [regulation of focal adhesion assembly] GO:0051897 [positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling] GO:0060396 [growth hormone receptor signaling pathway] GO:1900024 [regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading] GO:2000060 [positive regulation of protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process] GO:2000811 [negative regulation of anoikis]
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases Tyr protein kinases Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Disease related genes Potential drug targets Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000165 [MAPK cascade] GO:0000186 [activation of MAPKK activity] GO:0000226 [microtubule cytoskeleton organization] GO:0001525 [angiogenesis] GO:0001568 [blood vessel development] GO:0001570 [vasculogenesis] GO:0001725 [stress fiber] GO:0001764 [neuron migration] GO:0001890 [placenta development] GO:0001932 [regulation of protein phosphorylation] GO:0001934 [positive regulation of protein phosphorylation] GO:0003007 [heart morphogenesis] GO:0003779 [actin binding] GO:0004672 [protein kinase activity] GO:0004713 [protein tyrosine kinase activity] GO:0004715 [non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity] GO:0004871 [signal transducer activity] GO:0005102 [receptor binding] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005524 [ATP binding] GO:0005634 [nucleus] GO:0005737 [cytoplasm] GO:0005815 [microtubule organizing center] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0005856 [cytoskeleton] GO:0005886 [plasma membrane] GO:0005925 [focal adhesion] GO:0005938 [cell cortex] GO:0006468 [protein phosphorylation] GO:0006915 [apoptotic process] GO:0006921 [cellular component disassembly involved in execution phase of apoptosis] GO:0007010 [cytoskeleton organization] GO:0007155 [cell adhesion] GO:0007172 [signal complex assembly] GO:0007173 [epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway] GO:0007179 [transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway] GO:0007229 [integrin-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0007264 [small GTPase mediated signal transduction] GO:0007265 [Ras protein signal transduction] GO:0007411 [axon guidance] GO:0007596 [blood coagulation] GO:0008284 [positive regulation of cell proliferation] GO:0008286 [insulin receptor signaling pathway] GO:0008360 [regulation of cell shape] GO:0008432 [JUN kinase binding] GO:0008543 [fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway] GO:0009790 [embryo development] GO:0010594 [regulation of endothelial cell migration] GO:0010632 [regulation of epithelial cell migration] GO:0012501 [programmed cell death] GO:0014068 [positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling] GO:0016324 [apical plasma membrane] GO:0016477 [cell migration] GO:0018108 [peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation] GO:0019901 [protein kinase binding] GO:0021955 [central nervous system neuron axonogenesis] GO:0022408 [negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion] GO:0030010 [establishment of cell polarity] GO:0030027 [lamellipodium] GO:0030154 [cell differentiation] GO:0030168 [platelet activation] GO:0030198 [extracellular matrix organization] GO:0030335 [positive regulation of cell migration] GO:0031234 [extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane] GO:0033628 [regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin] GO:0038007 [netrin-activated signaling pathway] GO:0038083 [peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation] GO:0038095 [Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway] GO:0038096 [Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis] GO:0040023 [establishment of nucleus localization] GO:0042127 [regulation of cell proliferation] GO:0042169 [SH2 domain binding] GO:0043066 [negative regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043087 [regulation of GTPase activity] GO:0043542 [endothelial cell migration] GO:0043552 [positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity] GO:0045087 [innate immune response] GO:0045667 [regulation of osteoblast differentiation] GO:0045860 [positive regulation of protein kinase activity] GO:0046621 [negative regulation of organ growth] GO:0046777 [protein autophosphorylation] GO:0048010 [vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway] GO:0048011 [neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway] GO:0048013 [ephrin receptor signaling pathway] GO:0048870 [cell motility] GO:0050771 [negative regulation of axonogenesis] GO:0051493 [regulation of cytoskeleton organization] GO:0051893 [regulation of focal adhesion assembly] GO:0051897 [positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling] GO:0051964 [negative regulation of synapse assembly] GO:0060396 [growth hormone receptor signaling pathway] GO:0071560 [cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus] GO:1900024 [regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading] GO:2000060 [positive regulation of protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process] GO:2000811 [negative regulation of anoikis]
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases Tyr protein kinases Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Disease related genes Potential drug targets Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000165 [MAPK cascade] GO:0000186 [activation of MAPKK activity] GO:0001525 [angiogenesis] GO:0001725 [stress fiber] GO:0001890 [placenta development] GO:0001932 [regulation of protein phosphorylation] GO:0001934 [positive regulation of protein phosphorylation] GO:0003007 [heart morphogenesis] GO:0003779 [actin binding] GO:0004672 [protein kinase activity] GO:0004713 [protein tyrosine kinase activity] GO:0004715 [non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity] GO:0004871 [signal transducer activity] GO:0005102 [receptor binding] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005524 [ATP binding] GO:0005634 [nucleus] GO:0005737 [cytoplasm] GO:0005815 [microtubule organizing center] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0005856 [cytoskeleton] GO:0005886 [plasma membrane] GO:0005925 [focal adhesion] GO:0005938 [cell cortex] GO:0006468 [protein phosphorylation] GO:0006915 [apoptotic process] GO:0006921 [cellular component disassembly involved in execution phase of apoptosis] GO:0007010 [cytoskeleton organization] GO:0007155 [cell adhesion] GO:0007172 [signal complex assembly] GO:0007173 [epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway] GO:0007179 [transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway] GO:0007229 [integrin-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0007264 [small GTPase mediated signal transduction] GO:0007265 [Ras protein signal transduction] GO:0007411 [axon guidance] GO:0007596 [blood coagulation] GO:0008284 [positive regulation of cell proliferation] GO:0008286 [insulin receptor signaling pathway] GO:0008360 [regulation of cell shape] GO:0008432 [JUN kinase binding] GO:0008543 [fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway] GO:0009790 [embryo development] GO:0010594 [regulation of endothelial cell migration] GO:0010632 [regulation of epithelial cell migration] GO:0012501 [programmed cell death] GO:0014068 [positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling] GO:0016477 [cell migration] GO:0018108 [peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation] GO:0019901 [protein kinase binding] GO:0022408 [negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion] GO:0030010 [establishment of cell polarity] GO:0030154 [cell differentiation] GO:0030168 [platelet activation] GO:0030335 [positive regulation of cell migration] GO:0031234 [extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane] GO:0033628 [regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin] GO:0038007 [netrin-activated signaling pathway] GO:0038083 [peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation] GO:0038095 [Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway] GO:0038096 [Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis] GO:0042127 [regulation of cell proliferation] GO:0042169 [SH2 domain binding] GO:0043066 [negative regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043087 [regulation of GTPase activity] GO:0043552 [positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity] GO:0045087 [innate immune response] GO:0045667 [regulation of osteoblast differentiation] GO:0045860 [positive regulation of protein kinase activity] GO:0046777 [protein autophosphorylation] GO:0048010 [vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway] GO:0048011 [neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway] GO:0048013 [ephrin receptor signaling pathway] GO:0048870 [cell motility] GO:0051493 [regulation of cytoskeleton organization] GO:0051893 [regulation of focal adhesion assembly] GO:0051897 [positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling] GO:0060396 [growth hormone receptor signaling pathway] GO:1900024 [regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading] GO:2000060 [positive regulation of protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process] GO:2000811 [negative regulation of anoikis]
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases Tyr protein kinases Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Disease related genes Potential drug targets Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000165 [MAPK cascade] GO:0000186 [activation of MAPKK activity] GO:0001525 [angiogenesis] GO:0001725 [stress fiber] GO:0001890 [placenta development] GO:0001932 [regulation of protein phosphorylation] GO:0001934 [positive regulation of protein phosphorylation] GO:0003007 [heart morphogenesis] GO:0003779 [actin binding] GO:0004672 [protein kinase activity] GO:0004713 [protein tyrosine kinase activity] GO:0004715 [non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity] GO:0004871 [signal transducer activity] GO:0005102 [receptor binding] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005524 [ATP binding] GO:0005634 [nucleus] GO:0005737 [cytoplasm] GO:0005815 [microtubule organizing center] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0005856 [cytoskeleton] GO:0005886 [plasma membrane] GO:0005925 [focal adhesion] GO:0005938 [cell cortex] GO:0006468 [protein phosphorylation] GO:0006915 [apoptotic process] GO:0006921 [cellular component disassembly involved in execution phase of apoptosis] GO:0007010 [cytoskeleton organization] GO:0007155 [cell adhesion] GO:0007172 [signal complex assembly] GO:0007173 [epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway] GO:0007179 [transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway] GO:0007229 [integrin-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0007264 [small GTPase mediated signal transduction] GO:0007265 [Ras protein signal transduction] GO:0007411 [axon guidance] GO:0007596 [blood coagulation] GO:0008284 [positive regulation of cell proliferation] GO:0008286 [insulin receptor signaling pathway] GO:0008360 [regulation of cell shape] GO:0008432 [JUN kinase binding] GO:0008543 [fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway] GO:0009790 [embryo development] GO:0010594 [regulation of endothelial cell migration] GO:0010632 [regulation of epithelial cell migration] GO:0012501 [programmed cell death] GO:0014068 [positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling] GO:0016477 [cell migration] GO:0018108 [peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation] GO:0019901 [protein kinase binding] GO:0022408 [negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion] GO:0030010 [establishment of cell polarity] GO:0030154 [cell differentiation] GO:0030168 [platelet activation] GO:0030335 [positive regulation of cell migration] GO:0031234 [extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane] GO:0033628 [regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin] GO:0038007 [netrin-activated signaling pathway] GO:0038083 [peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation] GO:0038095 [Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway] GO:0038096 [Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis] GO:0042127 [regulation of cell proliferation] GO:0042169 [SH2 domain binding] GO:0043066 [negative regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043087 [regulation of GTPase activity] GO:0043552 [positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity] GO:0045087 [innate immune response] GO:0045667 [regulation of osteoblast differentiation] GO:0045860 [positive regulation of protein kinase activity] GO:0046777 [protein autophosphorylation] GO:0048010 [vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway] GO:0048011 [neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway] GO:0048013 [ephrin receptor signaling pathway] GO:0048870 [cell motility] GO:0051493 [regulation of cytoskeleton organization] GO:0051893 [regulation of focal adhesion assembly] GO:0051897 [positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling] GO:0060396 [growth hormone receptor signaling pathway] GO:1900024 [regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading] GO:2000060 [positive regulation of protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process] GO:2000811 [negative regulation of anoikis]