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INS

GENERAL INFORMATION

Gene name

 INS

Gene description

 Insulin

Protein class

 Cancer-related genes
Candidate cardiovascular disease genes
Disease related genes
Plasma proteins
Predicted secreted proteins
RAS pathway related proteins

Predicted localization

 Secreted

Number of transcripts

 5
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HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATION

RNA tissue category
HPA:Tissue enriched (pancreas)
GTEx:Tissue enriched (pancreas)
FANTOM5:Tissue enriched (pancreas)

Protein evidence

 Evidence at protein level

Protein expression

 Highly selective cytoplasmic expression in pancreatic islets.

DATA RELIABILITY

Data reliability
description

 Antibody staining consistent with RNA expression data.

Reliability score

 Supported based on 4 antibodies.
HPA004932 , CAB000048 , CAB012098 , CAB053843
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RNA AND PROTEIN EXPRESSION SUMMARY
RNA expression (TPM) Protein expression (score)
Brain
Caudate
N/A
Endocrine tissues
Bone marrow & immune system
Muscle tissues
Lung
Bronchus
N/A
Liver & gallbladder
Pancreas
Gastrointestinal tract
Kidney & urinary bladder
Male tissues
Female tissues
Vagina
N/A
Adipose & soft tissue
Skin
Cerebral cortex

Lymph node

Liver

Pancreas

Colon

Kidney

Testis

PROTEIN EXPRESSION OVERVIEW
Organ
Expression
Alphabetical

RNA EXPRESSION OVERVIEW
HPA dataset
Organ
Expression
Alphabetical
RNA tissue category: Tissue enriched (pancreas)
GTEx dataset
Organ
Expression
Alphabetical
RNA tissue category: Tissue enriched (pancreas)
FANTOM5 dataset
Organ
Expression
Alphabetical
RNA tissue category: Tissue enriched (pancreas)

GENE INFORMATION

Gene name

 INS (HGNC Symbol)

Synonyms

 IDDM1, IDDM2

Description

 Insulin (HGNC Symbol)

Entrez gene summary

 After removal of the precursor signal peptide, proinsulin is post-translationally cleaved into three peptides: the B chain and A chain peptides, which are covalently linked via two disulfide bonds to form insulin, and C-peptide. Binding of insulin to the insulin receptor (INSR) stimulates glucose uptake. A multitude of mutant alleles with phenotypic effects have been identified. There is a read-through gene, INS-IGF2, which overlaps with this gene at the 5' region and with the IGF2 gene at the 3' region. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]

Chromosome

 11

Cytoband

 p15.5

Chromosome location (bp)

 2159779 - 2161341

Protein evidence

 Evidence at protein level (all genes)

Ensembl

 ENSG00000254647 (version 83.38)

Entrez gene

 3630

UniProt

 P01308 (UniProt - Evidence at protein level)

neXtProt

 NX_P01308

Antibodypedia

 INS antibodies

PROTEIN BROWSER
INS-001
INS-002
INS-003
INS-005
INS-006

PROTEIN INFORMATION

Splice variant

UniProt

Protein class

Gene ontology

Length & mass

Signal peptide
(predicted)

Transmembrane regions
(predicted)
INS-001
ENSP00000370731
ENST00000381330
P01308 [Direct mapping]
Insulin Insulin B chain Insulin A chain
I3WAC9 [Target identity:100%; Query identity:100%]
Insulin, isoform CRA_a; Preproinsulin
Show all
   MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins
Predicted secreted proteins
   Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC
   SignalP predicted secreted proteins
   Phobius predicted secreted proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins
Plasma proteins
RAS pathway related proteins
Cancer-related genes
   Candidate cancer biomarkers
Candidate cardiovascular disease genes
Disease related genes
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000165 [MAPK cascade]
GO:0002020 [protease binding]
GO:0002674 [negative regulation of acute inflammatory response]
GO:0005158 [insulin receptor binding]
GO:0005159 [insulin-like growth factor receptor binding]
GO:0005179 [hormone activity]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005576 [extracellular region]
GO:0005615 [extracellular space]
GO:0005788 [endoplasmic reticulum lumen]
GO:0005796 [Golgi lumen]
GO:0006006 [glucose metabolic process]
GO:0006112 [energy reserve metabolic process]
GO:0006355 [regulation of transcription, DNA-templated]
GO:0006521 [regulation of cellular amino acid metabolic process]
GO:0006953 [acute-phase response]
GO:0007186 [G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0007267 [cell-cell signaling]
GO:0008284 [positive regulation of cell proliferation]
GO:0008286 [insulin receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0014068 [positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling]
GO:0015758 [glucose transport]
GO:0022898 [regulation of transmembrane transporter activity]
GO:0030307 [positive regulation of cell growth]
GO:0030335 [positive regulation of cell migration]
GO:0031018 [endocrine pancreas development]
GO:0031904 [endosome lumen]
GO:0031954 [positive regulation of protein autophosphorylation]
GO:0032148 [activation of protein kinase B activity]
GO:0032270 [positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process]
GO:0032460 [negative regulation of protein oligomerization]
GO:0032880 [regulation of protein localization]
GO:0033861 [negative regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity]
GO:0034774 [secretory granule lumen]
GO:0042060 [wound healing]
GO:0042177 [negative regulation of protein catabolic process]
GO:0042593 [glucose homeostasis]
GO:0042802 [identical protein binding]
GO:0043410 [positive regulation of MAPK cascade]
GO:0044267 [cellular protein metabolic process]
GO:0044281 [small molecule metabolic process]
GO:0045429 [positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process]
GO:0045597 [positive regulation of cell differentiation]
GO:0045721 [negative regulation of gluconeogenesis]
GO:0045725 [positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process]
GO:0045740 [positive regulation of DNA replication]
GO:0045818 [negative regulation of glycogen catabolic process]
GO:0045821 [positive regulation of glycolytic process]
GO:0045840 [positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division]
GO:0045861 [negative regulation of proteolysis]
GO:0045908 [negative regulation of vasodilation]
GO:0045909 [positive regulation of vasodilation]
GO:0045922 [negative regulation of fatty acid metabolic process]
GO:0046326 [positive regulation of glucose import]
GO:0046628 [positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0046631 [alpha-beta T cell activation]
GO:0046889 [positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process]
GO:0050708 [regulation of protein secretion]
GO:0050709 [negative regulation of protein secretion]
GO:0050715 [positive regulation of cytokine secretion]
GO:0050731 [positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation]
GO:0050796 [regulation of insulin secretion]
GO:0050995 [negative regulation of lipid catabolic process]
GO:0051000 [positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity]
GO:0051092 [positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity]
GO:0051897 [positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling]
GO:0055089 [fatty acid homeostasis]
GO:0060266 [negative regulation of respiratory burst involved in inflammatory response]
GO:0060267 [positive regulation of respiratory burst]
GO:0090277 [positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion]
GO:0090336 [positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation]
GO:1900182 [positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus]
GO:1902176 [negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway]
GO:2000252 [negative regulation of feeding behavior]
Show all
 110 aa
12 kDa 		Yes 0
INS-002
ENSP00000250971
ENST00000250971
P01308 [Direct mapping]
Insulin Insulin B chain Insulin A chain
I3WAC9 [Target identity:100%; Query identity:100%]
Insulin, isoform CRA_a; Preproinsulin
Show all
   MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins
Predicted secreted proteins
   Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC
   SignalP predicted secreted proteins
   Phobius predicted secreted proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins
Plasma proteins
RAS pathway related proteins
Cancer-related genes
   Candidate cancer biomarkers
Candidate cardiovascular disease genes
Disease related genes
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000165 [MAPK cascade]
GO:0002020 [protease binding]
GO:0002674 [negative regulation of acute inflammatory response]
GO:0005158 [insulin receptor binding]
GO:0005159 [insulin-like growth factor receptor binding]
GO:0005179 [hormone activity]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005576 [extracellular region]
GO:0005615 [extracellular space]
GO:0005788 [endoplasmic reticulum lumen]
GO:0005796 [Golgi lumen]
GO:0006006 [glucose metabolic process]
GO:0006112 [energy reserve metabolic process]
GO:0006355 [regulation of transcription, DNA-templated]
GO:0006521 [regulation of cellular amino acid metabolic process]
GO:0006953 [acute-phase response]
GO:0007186 [G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0007267 [cell-cell signaling]
GO:0008284 [positive regulation of cell proliferation]
GO:0008286 [insulin receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0014068 [positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling]
GO:0015758 [glucose transport]
GO:0022898 [regulation of transmembrane transporter activity]
GO:0030307 [positive regulation of cell growth]
GO:0030335 [positive regulation of cell migration]
GO:0031018 [endocrine pancreas development]
GO:0031904 [endosome lumen]
GO:0031954 [positive regulation of protein autophosphorylation]
GO:0032148 [activation of protein kinase B activity]
GO:0032270 [positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process]
GO:0032460 [negative regulation of protein oligomerization]
GO:0032880 [regulation of protein localization]
GO:0033861 [negative regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity]
GO:0034774 [secretory granule lumen]
GO:0042060 [wound healing]
GO:0042177 [negative regulation of protein catabolic process]
GO:0042593 [glucose homeostasis]
GO:0042802 [identical protein binding]
GO:0043410 [positive regulation of MAPK cascade]
GO:0044267 [cellular protein metabolic process]
GO:0044281 [small molecule metabolic process]
GO:0045429 [positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process]
GO:0045597 [positive regulation of cell differentiation]
GO:0045721 [negative regulation of gluconeogenesis]
GO:0045725 [positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process]
GO:0045740 [positive regulation of DNA replication]
GO:0045818 [negative regulation of glycogen catabolic process]
GO:0045821 [positive regulation of glycolytic process]
GO:0045840 [positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division]
GO:0045861 [negative regulation of proteolysis]
GO:0045908 [negative regulation of vasodilation]
GO:0045909 [positive regulation of vasodilation]
GO:0045922 [negative regulation of fatty acid metabolic process]
GO:0046326 [positive regulation of glucose import]
GO:0046628 [positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0046631 [alpha-beta T cell activation]
GO:0046889 [positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process]
GO:0050708 [regulation of protein secretion]
GO:0050709 [negative regulation of protein secretion]
GO:0050715 [positive regulation of cytokine secretion]
GO:0050731 [positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation]
GO:0050796 [regulation of insulin secretion]
GO:0050995 [negative regulation of lipid catabolic process]
GO:0051000 [positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity]
GO:0051092 [positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity]
GO:0051897 [positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling]
GO:0055089 [fatty acid homeostasis]
GO:0060266 [negative regulation of respiratory burst involved in inflammatory response]
GO:0060267 [positive regulation of respiratory burst]
GO:0090277 [positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion]
GO:0090336 [positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation]
GO:1900182 [positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus]
GO:1902176 [negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway]
GO:2000252 [negative regulation of feeding behavior]
Show all
 110 aa
12 kDa 		Yes 0
INS-003
ENSP00000380432
ENST00000397262
P01308 [Direct mapping]
Insulin Insulin B chain Insulin A chain
I3WAC9 [Target identity:100%; Query identity:100%]
Insulin, isoform CRA_a; Preproinsulin
Show all
   MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins
Predicted secreted proteins
   Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC
   SignalP predicted secreted proteins
   Phobius predicted secreted proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins
Plasma proteins
RAS pathway related proteins
Cancer-related genes
   Candidate cancer biomarkers
Candidate cardiovascular disease genes
Disease related genes
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000165 [MAPK cascade]
GO:0002020 [protease binding]
GO:0002674 [negative regulation of acute inflammatory response]
GO:0005158 [insulin receptor binding]
GO:0005159 [insulin-like growth factor receptor binding]
GO:0005179 [hormone activity]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005576 [extracellular region]
GO:0005615 [extracellular space]
GO:0005788 [endoplasmic reticulum lumen]
GO:0005796 [Golgi lumen]
GO:0006006 [glucose metabolic process]
GO:0006112 [energy reserve metabolic process]
GO:0006355 [regulation of transcription, DNA-templated]
GO:0006521 [regulation of cellular amino acid metabolic process]
GO:0006953 [acute-phase response]
GO:0007186 [G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0007267 [cell-cell signaling]
GO:0008284 [positive regulation of cell proliferation]
GO:0008286 [insulin receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0014068 [positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling]
GO:0015758 [glucose transport]
GO:0022898 [regulation of transmembrane transporter activity]
GO:0030307 [positive regulation of cell growth]
GO:0030335 [positive regulation of cell migration]
GO:0031018 [endocrine pancreas development]
GO:0031904 [endosome lumen]
GO:0031954 [positive regulation of protein autophosphorylation]
GO:0032148 [activation of protein kinase B activity]
GO:0032270 [positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process]
GO:0032460 [negative regulation of protein oligomerization]
GO:0032880 [regulation of protein localization]
GO:0033861 [negative regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity]
GO:0034774 [secretory granule lumen]
GO:0042060 [wound healing]
GO:0042177 [negative regulation of protein catabolic process]
GO:0042593 [glucose homeostasis]
GO:0042802 [identical protein binding]
GO:0043410 [positive regulation of MAPK cascade]
GO:0044267 [cellular protein metabolic process]
GO:0044281 [small molecule metabolic process]
GO:0045429 [positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process]
GO:0045597 [positive regulation of cell differentiation]
GO:0045721 [negative regulation of gluconeogenesis]
GO:0045725 [positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process]
GO:0045740 [positive regulation of DNA replication]
GO:0045818 [negative regulation of glycogen catabolic process]
GO:0045821 [positive regulation of glycolytic process]
GO:0045840 [positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division]
GO:0045861 [negative regulation of proteolysis]
GO:0045908 [negative regulation of vasodilation]
GO:0045909 [positive regulation of vasodilation]
GO:0045922 [negative regulation of fatty acid metabolic process]
GO:0046326 [positive regulation of glucose import]
GO:0046628 [positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0046631 [alpha-beta T cell activation]
GO:0046889 [positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process]
GO:0050708 [regulation of protein secretion]
GO:0050709 [negative regulation of protein secretion]
GO:0050715 [positive regulation of cytokine secretion]
GO:0050731 [positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation]
GO:0050796 [regulation of insulin secretion]
GO:0050995 [negative regulation of lipid catabolic process]
GO:0051000 [positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity]
GO:0051092 [positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity]
GO:0051897 [positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling]
GO:0055089 [fatty acid homeostasis]
GO:0060266 [negative regulation of respiratory burst involved in inflammatory response]
GO:0060267 [positive regulation of respiratory burst]
GO:0090277 [positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion]
GO:0090336 [positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation]
GO:1900182 [positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus]
GO:1902176 [negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway]
GO:2000252 [negative regulation of feeding behavior]
Show all
 110 aa
12 kDa 		Yes 0
INS-005
ENSP00000408400
ENST00000421783
C9JNR5 [Direct mapping]
Insulin
Show all
   MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins
Predicted secreted proteins
   Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC
   SignalP predicted secreted proteins
   Phobius predicted secreted proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins
RAS pathway related proteins
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0005159 [insulin-like growth factor receptor binding]
GO:0005179 [hormone activity]
GO:0005576 [extracellular region]
GO:0005615 [extracellular space]
GO:0006006 [glucose metabolic process]
GO:1903576 [response to L-arginine]
Show all
 92 aa
10.6 kDa 		Yes 0
INS-006
ENSP00000424008
ENST00000512523
A6XGL2 [Direct mapping]
Insulin
Show all
   MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins
Predicted secreted proteins
   Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC
   SignalP predicted secreted proteins
   Phobius predicted secreted proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins
RAS pathway related proteins
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0005179 [hormone activity]
GO:0005576 [extracellular region]
GO:0006006 [glucose metabolic process]
Show all
 98 aa
11 kDa 		Yes 0

Contact

The Project

The Human Protein Atlas

The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
by the Knut & Alice Wallenberg foundation.