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Field

Term
Gene name

Class

Subclass

Chromosome

External id

In atlas

Reliability

Reliability

Reliability

Validation

Method

Validation

Method

Validation

Method

Validation

Location

Searches

Tissue

Cell type

Expression

Tissue

Specificity

Cell line

Specificity

Cancer

Specificity

Tissue

Detectable

Cell line

Detectable

Cancer

Detectable

Cancer

Prognosis

Category

Score

Score

Score

Antibodies

Column

 
 
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GAL
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  • CELL

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PATHOLOGY ATLAS

GENE/PROTEIN

Antibody validation

Dictionary

Level of antibody staining/expression





High
Medium
Low
Not detected

GENERAL INFORMATION

Gene name

GAL

Gene description

Galanin/GMAP prepropeptide

Protein class

Disease related genes
Plasma proteins
Predicted secreted proteins

Predicted localization

Secreted

Number of transcripts

1
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HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATION

RNA category

TCGA (cancer tissue):Mixed
HPA (cell line):Cell line enhanced (CACO-2, NB-4, SH-SY5Y)
HPA (normal tissue):Tissue enhanced (appendix, smooth muscle)

Protein evidence

Evidence at protein level

Protein expression
normal tissue

Selective cytoplasmic expression in subsets of cells in anterior pituitary gland as well as in peripheral ganglion cells.

ANTIBODY IHC RELIABILITY

Data reliability
description

Antibody staining consistent with RNA expression data.

Reliability score

Supported based on 1 antibody.
HPA049864
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PROGNOSTIC SUMMARY

Prognostic marker in endometrial cancer (unfavourable) and lung cancer (unfavourable).
Endometrial cancer p<0.001
Lung cancer p<0.001
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RNA EXPRESSION OVERVIEW

TCGA dataset
RNA cancer category: Mixed

PROTEIN EXPRESSION

Colorectal cancer
Breast cancer
Prostate cancer
Lung cancer

STAINING SUMMARY

HPA049864

Cancer

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Cancer

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Staining summary

Cancer tissues were negative.

GENE INFORMATION

Gene name

GAL (HGNC Symbol)

Synonyms

GAL-GMAP, GALN, GLNN, GMAP

Description

Galanin/GMAP prepropeptide (HGNC Symbol)

Entrez gene summary

This gene encodes a neuroendocrine peptide that is widely expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems and also the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, adrenal gland and urogenital tract. The encoded protein is a precursor that is proteolytically processed to generate two mature peptides: galanin and galanin message-associated peptide (GMAP). Galanin has diverse physiological functions including nociception, feeding and energy homeostasis, osmotic regulation and water balance. GMAP has been demonstrated to possess antifungal activity and hypothesized to be part of the innate immune system. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2015]

Chromosome

11

Cytoband

q13.2

Chromosome location (bp)

68683779 - 68691175

Protein evidence

Evidence at protein level (all genes)

Ensembl

ENSG00000069482 (version 83.38)

Entrez gene

51083

UniProt

P22466 (UniProt - Evidence at protein level)

neXtProt

NX_P22466

Antibodypedia

GAL antibodies

PROTEIN BROWSER

GAL-001

PROTEIN INFORMATION

Splice variant

UniProt

Protein class

Gene ontology

Length & mass

Signal peptide
(predicted)

Transmembrane regions
(predicted)

GAL-001
ENSP00000265643
ENST00000265643
P22466 [Direct mapping]
Galanin peptides Galanin Galanin message-associated peptide
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   MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins
   TMHMM predicted membrane proteins
Predicted secreted proteins
   Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC
   SignalP predicted secreted proteins
   Phobius predicted secreted proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins
Plasma proteins
Disease related genes
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0005179 [hormone activity]
GO:0005184 [neuropeptide hormone activity]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005576 [extracellular region]
GO:0005615 [extracellular space]
GO:0005737 [cytoplasm]
GO:0005794 [Golgi apparatus]
GO:0006954 [inflammatory response]
GO:0007218 [neuropeptide signaling pathway]
GO:0007399 [nervous system development]
GO:0007631 [feeding behavior]
GO:0008285 [negative regulation of cell proliferation]
GO:0010737 [protein kinase A signaling]
GO:0019933 [cAMP-mediated signaling]
GO:0030073 [insulin secretion]
GO:0030141 [secretory granule]
GO:0031764 [type 1 galanin receptor binding]
GO:0031765 [type 2 galanin receptor binding]
GO:0031766 [type 3 galanin receptor binding]
GO:0031943 [regulation of glucocorticoid metabolic process]
GO:0032868 [response to insulin]
GO:0035902 [response to immobilization stress]
GO:0042493 [response to drug]
GO:0043025 [neuronal cell body]
GO:0043065 [positive regulation of apoptotic process]
GO:0043627 [response to estrogen]
GO:0045944 [positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter]
GO:0050672 [negative regulation of lymphocyte proliferation]
GO:0051464 [positive regulation of cortisol secretion]
GO:0051795 [positive regulation of catagen]
GO:1902608 [positive regulation of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity]
GO:1902891 [negative regulation of root hair elongation]
Show all
123 aa
13.3 kDa
Yes 0

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