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Hepatocellular carcinomas showed moderate to strong cytoplasmic immunoreactivity in most cases. A few cases of colorectal, breast and ovarian cancers displayed weak to moderate cytoplasmic staining. Remaining cancer cells were weakly stained or negative.
Most of the colorectal cancers and a few cases of ovarian, stomach, pancreatic and liver cancers exhibited moderate membranous and cytoplasmic immunoreactivity. Remaining cancers were weakly stained or negative.
Most cancer cells showed weak to moderate cytoplasmic positivity. Gliomas and lymphomas along with several melanomas, skin, lung and cervical cancers were negative.
GENE INFORMATION
Gene name
SPTA1 (HGNC Symbol)
Synonyms
EL2
Description
Spectrin, alpha, erythrocytic 1 (HGNC Symbol)
Entrez gene summary
Spectrin is an actin crosslinking and molecular scaffold protein that links the plasma membrane to the actin cytoskeleton, and functions in the determination of cell shape, arrangement of transmembrane proteins, and organization of organelles. It is a tetramer made up of alpha-beta dimers linked in a head-to-head arrangement. This gene is one member of a family of alpha-spectrin genes. The encoded protein is primarily composed of 22 spectrin repeats which are involved in dimer formation. It forms weaker tetramer interactions than non-erythrocytic alpha spectrin, which may increase the plasma membrane elasticity and deformability of red blood cells. Mutations in this gene result in a variety of hereditary red blood cell disorders, including elliptocytosis type 2, pyropoikilocytosis, and spherocytic hemolytic anemia. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]