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RNA category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed samples (RNA assay description). The categories include: tissue/cell line enriched, group enriched, tissue/cell line enhanced, expressed in all, mixed and not detected. RNA category is calculated separately for The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data from cancer tissues and internally generated Human Protein Atlas (HPA) data from normal tissues and cell lines.
Protein evidence scores are generated from several independent sources and are classified as evidence at i) protein level, ii) transcript level, iii) no evidence, or iv) not available.
Evidence at protein level
Protein expressioni
A summary of the overall protein expression pattern across the analyzed normal tissues. The summary is based on knowledge-based annotation.
"Estimation of protein expression could not be performed. View primary data." is shown for genes analyzed with a knowledge-based approach where available RNA-seq and gene/protein characterization data has been evaluated as not sufficient in combination with immunohistochemistry data to yield a reliable estimation of the protein expression profile.
Standardized explanatory sentences with additional information required for full understanding of the knowledge-based expression profile.
Antibody staining mainly consistent with RNA expression data.
Reliability scorei
Reliability score (score description), divided into Supported, Approved, or Uncertain, is evaluated in normal tissues and based on consistency between the staining pattern of one antibody or several antibodies with RNA-seq data and available gene/protein characterization data.
Below is an overview of RNA and protein expression data generated in the Human Protein Atlas project. Analyzed tissues are divided into color-coded groups according to which functional features they have in common. For each group, a list of included tissues is accessed by clicking on group name, group symbol, RNA bar, or protein bar. Subsequent selection of a particular tissue in this list links to the image data page. Images of selected tissues give a visual summary of the protein expression profile furthest to the right. The gray human body provides links to a histology dictionary when clicking on any part of the figure.
RNA expression (TPM)i
RNA-seq results generated in HPA are reported as number of transcripts per million (TPM). Each bar represents the highest expression score found in a particular group of tissues. The assay is described more in detail in Assays & Annotation.
Protein expression (score)i
Each bar represents the highest expression score found in a particular group of tissues. Protein expression scores are based on a best estimate of the "true" protein expression from a knowledge-based annotation, described more in detail under Assays & annotation. For genes where more than one antibody has been used, a collective score is set displaying the estimated true protein expression.
Protein expression data is shown for each of the 44 tissues. The color-coding is based on tissues with functional features in common. Mouse-over function shows protein score for analyzed cell types found in a selected tissue. To access image data click on tissue name or bar. Annotation of protein expression is described in detail in Assays & annotation.
For genes with available protein data for which a knowledge-based annotation gave inconclusive results, no protein expression data is displayed in the protein expression data overview, however, all immunohistochemical images are still available and the annotation data can be found under Primary data.
Organ
Expression
Alphabetical
RNA EXPRESSION OVERVIEWi
RNA expression overview shows RNA-data from three different sources: Internally generated Human Protein Atlas (HPA) RNA-seq data, RNA-seq data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project and CAGE data from FANTOM5 project. Color-coding is based on tissue groups, each consisting of tissues with functional features in common. To access sample data, click on tissue name or bar.
HPA dataseti
HPA dataset RNA-seq tissue data is reported as mean TPM (transcripts per million), corresponding to mean values of the different individual samples from each tissue. Color-coding is based on tissue groups, each consisting of tissues with functional features in common. To access sample data, click on tissue name or bar. The RNA-seq assay is described in detail in Assays & Annotation.
RNA tissue category HPA HPA RNA tissue category (category description) is calculated based on mRNA expression levels across all tissues and include: tissue enriched, group enriched, tissue enhanced, expressed in all, mixed and not detected.
GTEx dataset RNA-seq data are reported as median RPKM (reads per kilobase per million mapped reads), generated by the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. More information can be found in Assays & Annotation.
RNA tissue category GTEx GTEx RNA tissue category (category description) is calculated based on mRNA expression levels across all tissues and include: tissue enriched, group enriched, tissue enhanced, expressed in all, mixed and not detected.
Organ
Expression
Alphabetical
RNA tissue category: Expressed in all
FANTOM5 dataseti
FANTOM5 dataset Tissue data obtained through Cap Analysis of Gene Expression (CAGE) are reported as Tags Per Million, generated by the FANTOM5 project. More information can be found in Assays & Annotation.
RNA tissue category FANTOM5 FANTOM5 RNA tissue category (category description) is calculated based on gene expression levels across all tissues and include: tissue enriched, group enriched, tissue enhanced, expressed in all, mixed and not detected.
Organ
Expression
Alphabetical
RNA tissue category: Expressed in all
GENE INFORMATIONi
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Gene name
APC (HGNC Symbol)
Synonyms
DP2, DP2.5, DP3, PPP1R46
Description
Adenomatous polyposis coli (HGNC Symbol)
Entrez gene summary
This gene encodes a tumor suppressor protein that acts as an antagonist of the Wnt signaling pathway. It is also involved in other processes including cell migration and adhesion, transcriptional activation, and apoptosis. Defects in this gene cause familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), an autosomal dominant pre-malignant disease that usually progresses to malignancy. Disease-associated mutations tend to be clustered in a small region designated the mutation cluster region (MCR) and result in a truncated protein product. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
The protein browser displays the antigen location on the target protein(s) and the features of the target protein. The tabs at the top of the protein view section can be used to switch between the different splice variants to which an antigen has been mapped.
At the top of the view, the position of the antigen (identified by the corresponding HPA identifier) is shown as a green bar. A yellow triangle on the bar indicates a <100% sequence identity to the protein target.
Under the antigens, the maximum percent sequence identity of the protein to all other proteins from other human genes is displayed, using a sliding window of 10 aa residues (HsID 10) or 50 aa residues (HsID 50) (read more).
If a signal peptide is predicted by a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius (turquoise) and/or transmembrane regions (orange) are predicted by MDM, these are displayed.
Low complexity regions are shown in yellow and InterPro regions in green. Common (purple) and unique (grey) regions between different splice variants of the gene are also displayed (read more), and at the bottom of the protein view is the protein scale.
APC-001
APC-002
APC-004
APC-005
APC-008
APC-011
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The ENSP identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary, while the ENST identifier links to the Ensembl website transcript summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the UniProt column can be expanded to show links to all matching UniProt identifiers for this protein.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The Gene Ontology terms assigned to this protein are listed if expanding the Gene ontology column. The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide (according to a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius) and the number of predicted transmembrane region(s) (according to MDM) are also reported.
P25054 [Direct mapping] Adenomatous polyposis coli protein
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Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Mutated cancer genes Mutational cancer driver genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Splicing Mutations COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Nonsense Mutations COSMIC Missense Mutations COSMIC Large Deletions COSMIC Germline Mutations COSMIC Frameshift Mutations Disease related genes Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0000281 [mitotic cytokinesis] GO:0000776 [kinetochore] GO:0001708 [cell fate specification] GO:0001822 [kidney development] GO:0001942 [hair follicle development] GO:0005488 [binding] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005634 [nucleus] GO:0005654 [nucleoplasm] GO:0005737 [cytoplasm] GO:0005813 [centrosome] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0005874 [microtubule] GO:0005881 [cytoplasmic microtubule] GO:0005886 [plasma membrane] GO:0005913 [cell-cell adherens junction] GO:0005923 [bicellular tight junction] GO:0005938 [cell cortex] GO:0006461 [protein complex assembly] GO:0006915 [apoptotic process] GO:0006921 [cellular component disassembly involved in execution phase of apoptosis] GO:0006974 [cellular response to DNA damage stimulus] GO:0007026 [negative regulation of microtubule depolymerization] GO:0007050 [cell cycle arrest] GO:0007091 [metaphase/anaphase transition of mitotic cell cycle] GO:0007094 [mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint] GO:0007155 [cell adhesion] GO:0007163 [establishment or maintenance of cell polarity] GO:0007389 [pattern specification process] GO:0007409 [axonogenesis] GO:0008013 [beta-catenin binding] GO:0008017 [microtubule binding] GO:0008285 [negative regulation of cell proliferation] GO:0009798 [axis specification] GO:0009952 [anterior/posterior pattern specification] GO:0009953 [dorsal/ventral pattern formation] GO:0009954 [proximal/distal pattern formation] GO:0012501 [programmed cell death] GO:0016055 [Wnt signaling pathway] GO:0016328 [lateral plasma membrane] GO:0016342 [catenin complex] GO:0016477 [cell migration] GO:0019827 [stem cell population maintenance] GO:0019887 [protein kinase regulator activity] GO:0019901 [protein kinase binding] GO:0030027 [lamellipodium] GO:0030178 [negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway] GO:0030334 [regulation of cell migration] GO:0030335 [positive regulation of cell migration] GO:0030424 [axon] GO:0030425 [dendrite] GO:0030426 [growth cone] GO:0030856 [regulation of epithelial cell differentiation] GO:0030858 [positive regulation of epithelial cell differentiation] GO:0030877 [beta-catenin destruction complex] GO:0031016 [pancreas development] GO:0031116 [positive regulation of microtubule polymerization] GO:0031122 [cytoplasmic microtubule organization] GO:0031175 [neuron projection development] GO:0031253 [cell projection membrane] GO:0031274 [positive regulation of pseudopodium assembly] GO:0031965 [nuclear membrane] GO:0032403 [protein complex binding] GO:0032587 [ruffle membrane] GO:0032886 [regulation of microtubule-based process] GO:0033077 [T cell differentiation in thymus] GO:0035019 [somatic stem cell population maintenance] GO:0035371 [microtubule plus-end] GO:0042483 [negative regulation of odontogenesis] GO:0042493 [response to drug] GO:0042995 [cell projection] GO:0043005 [neuron projection] GO:0043025 [neuronal cell body] GO:0043065 [positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043066 [negative regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043234 [protein complex] GO:0043409 [negative regulation of MAPK cascade] GO:0043588 [skin development] GO:0044295 [axonal growth cone] GO:0044306 [neuron projection terminus] GO:0044336 [canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in negative regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0044337 [canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0045202 [synapse] GO:0045295 [gamma-catenin binding] GO:0045595 [regulation of cell differentiation] GO:0045597 [positive regulation of cell differentiation] GO:0045667 [regulation of osteoblast differentiation] GO:0045670 [regulation of osteoclast differentiation] GO:0045732 [positive regulation of protein catabolic process] GO:0045736 [negative regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity] GO:0045785 [positive regulation of cell adhesion] GO:0046716 [muscle cell cellular homeostasis] GO:0048538 [thymus development] GO:0050680 [negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation] GO:0051010 [microtubule plus-end binding] GO:0051171 [regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process] GO:0051276 [chromosome organization] GO:0051726 [regulation of cell cycle] GO:0051781 [positive regulation of cell division] GO:0051988 [regulation of attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore] GO:0060041 [retina development in camera-type eye] GO:0060070 [canonical Wnt signaling pathway] GO:0060770 [negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development] GO:0070830 [bicellular tight junction assembly] GO:0070852 [cell body fiber] GO:0090090 [negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway] GO:0090263 [positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway] GO:0097305 [response to alcohol] GO:1990090 [cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus] GO:2000211 [regulation of glutamate metabolic process]
P25054 [Direct mapping] Adenomatous polyposis coli protein
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Mutated cancer genes Mutational cancer driver genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Splicing Mutations COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Nonsense Mutations COSMIC Missense Mutations COSMIC Large Deletions COSMIC Germline Mutations COSMIC Frameshift Mutations Disease related genes Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
