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Field

Term
Gene name

Class

Subclass

Chromosome

External id

In atlas

Reliability

Reliability

Reliability

Validation

Method

Validation

Method

Validation

Method

Validation

Location

Searches

Tissue

Cell type

Expression

Tissue

Specificity

Cell line

Specificity

Cancer

Specificity

Tissue

Detectable

Cell line

Detectable

Cancer

Detectable

Cancer

Prognosis

Category

Score

Score

Score

Antibodies

Column

 
 
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A2M
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  • CELL

  • PATHOLOGY

PATHOLOGY ATLAS

GENE/PROTEIN

Antibody validation

Dictionary

Level of antibody staining/expression





High
Medium
Low
Not detected

GENERAL INFORMATION

Gene name

A2M

Gene description

Alpha-2-macroglobulin

Protein class

Cancer-related genes
Candidate cardiovascular disease genes
Plasma proteins
Predicted secreted proteins

Predicted localization

Secreted

Number of transcripts

2
SHOW MORE

HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATION

RNA category

TCGA (cancer tissue):Expressed in all
HPA (cell line):Group enriched (AF22, Hep G2, SK-MEL-30)
HPA (normal tissue):Expressed in all

Protein evidence

Evidence at protein level

Protein expression
normal tissue

Extracellular positivity, mainly in plasma.

ANTIBODY IHC RELIABILITY

Data reliability
description

Secreted protein, tissue location of RNA and protein might differ and correlation is complex. Antibody staining in cells/structures not annotated, view images.

Reliability score

Supported based on 2 antibodies.
HPA002265 , CAB017621
SHOW MORE

PROGNOSTIC SUMMARY

Gene product is not prognostic.
Show all

RNA EXPRESSION OVERVIEW

TCGA dataset
RNA cancer category: Expressed in all

PROTEIN EXPRESSION

Colorectal cancer
Breast cancer
Prostate cancer
Lung cancer

STAINING SUMMARY

HPA002265
CAB017621

Cancer

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Cancer

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Staining summary

Most malignant cells were weakly stained or negative. Moderate to strong cytoplasmic immunoreactivity was observed in a few malignant melanomas, endometrial and lung cancers. Tumor stroma was distinctly stained.

Cancer

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Cancer

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Staining summary

Malignant cells were negative.

GENE INFORMATION

Gene name

A2M (HGNC Symbol)

Synonyms

CPAMD5, FWP007, S863-7

Description

Alpha-2-macroglobulin (HGNC Symbol)

Entrez gene summary

Alpha-2-macroglobulin is a protease inhibitor and cytokine transporter. It inhibits many proteases, including trypsin, thrombin and collagenase. A2M is implicated in Alzheimer disease (AD) due to its ability to mediate the clearance and degradation of A-beta, the major component of beta-amyloid deposits. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Chromosome

12

Cytoband

p13.31

Chromosome location (bp)

9067664 - 9116229

Protein evidence

Evidence at protein level (all genes)

Ensembl

ENSG00000175899 (version 83.38)

Entrez gene

2

UniProt

P01023 (UniProt - Evidence at protein level)

neXtProt

NX_P01023

Antibodypedia

A2M antibodies

PROTEIN BROWSER

A2M-001
A2M-002

PROTEIN INFORMATION

Splice variant

UniProt

Protein class

Gene ontology

Length & mass

Signal peptide
(predicted)

Transmembrane regions
(predicted)

A2M-001
ENSP00000323929
ENST00000318602
P01023 [Direct mapping]
Alpha-2-macroglobulin
Show all
   MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins
Predicted secreted proteins
   Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC
   SignalP predicted secreted proteins
   Phobius predicted secreted proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins
Plasma proteins
Cancer-related genes
   Candidate cancer biomarkers
Candidate cardiovascular disease genes
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0001869 [negative regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway]
GO:0002020 [protease binding]
GO:0002576 [platelet degranulation]
GO:0004866 [endopeptidase inhibitor activity]
GO:0004867 [serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity]
GO:0005102 [receptor binding]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005576 [extracellular region]
GO:0005615 [extracellular space]
GO:0005829 [cytosol]
GO:0007264 [small GTPase mediated signal transduction]
GO:0007596 [blood coagulation]
GO:0007597 [blood coagulation, intrinsic pathway]
GO:0010951 [negative regulation of endopeptidase activity]
GO:0019838 [growth factor binding]
GO:0019899 [enzyme binding]
GO:0019959 [interleukin-8 binding]
GO:0019966 [interleukin-1 binding]
GO:0022617 [extracellular matrix disassembly]
GO:0030168 [platelet activation]
GO:0030198 [extracellular matrix organization]
GO:0031093 [platelet alpha granule lumen]
GO:0043120 [tumor necrosis factor binding]
GO:0048306 [calcium-dependent protein binding]
GO:0048863 [stem cell differentiation]
GO:0051056 [regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction]
GO:0070062 [extracellular exosome]
GO:0072562 [blood microparticle]
Show all
1474 aa
163.3 kDa
Yes 0
A2M-002
ENSP00000385710
ENST00000404455
F8W7L3 [Direct mapping]
Alpha-2-macroglobulin
Show all
Predicted secreted proteins
   Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC
   SignalP predicted secreted proteins
   Phobius predicted secreted proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0004866 [endopeptidase inhibitor activity]
GO:0010951 [negative regulation of endopeptidase activity]
Show all
168 aa
18.7 kDa
Yes 0

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